: Deeply explores TCP/UDP, HTTP (1.1, 2, and 3), gRPC, WebSockets, and how they impact application performance.
HTTP is the foundation of data exchange on the web. While HTTP/1.1 processed requests sequentially (leading to head-of-line blocking), HTTP/2 introduced multiplexing, allowing multiple requests over a single connection. HTTP/3 takes it further by swapping TCP for QUIC (a UDP-based protocol) to drastically reduce connection times and handle network switches seamlessly.
Microservices break the application down into a collection of small, independent, loosely coupled services. Each service handles a single business capability (e.g., a "Payment Service" and an "Inventory Service") and maintains its own database. udemy fundamentals of backend engineering
: Distinguishing between Layer 4 and Layer 7 proxies. Critical Concepts Explained 1. Network Protocols
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If you want to delve deeper into these topics, consider expanding your knowledge with hands-on practice: build a REST API from scratch, experiment with Docker containerization, configure an Nginx reverse proxy, or optimize slow SQL queries with indexing. The internet relies on robust backend systems—and mastering these concepts puts you in the driver's seat of modern technology.
When real-time data is required (like in chat apps or live financial tickers), standard request-response models fail. forces the server to hold a client request open until new data arrives. WebSockets , however, establish a permanent, bi-directional, full-duplex communication channel over a single TCP connection, drastically reducing overhead. 2. Web Servers and Reverse Proxies HTTP/3 takes it further by swapping TCP for
Protecting and optimizing backend servers (e.g., using NGINX). Forward Proxies: Managing outbound client traffic.
A backend engineer must understand how data is stored, indexed, and retrieved. Relational (SQL) vs. Non-Relational (NoSQL)
: Understanding Request-Response, Publish-Subscribe, Short/Long Polling, and WebSockets.
If you want to stop guessing how backend systems work and start building them with absolute confidence, "Fundamentals of Backend Engineering" on Udemy is one of the best educational investments you can make.